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20:129
ولولا كلمة سبقت من ربك لكان لزاما واجل مسمى ١٢٩
وَلَوْلَا كَلِمَةٌۭ سَبَقَتْ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَكَانَ لِزَامًۭا وَأَجَلٌۭ مُّسَمًّۭى ١٢٩
وَلَوۡلَا
كَلِمَةٞ
سَبَقَتۡ
مِن
رَّبِّكَ
لَكَانَ
لِزَامٗا
وَأَجَلٞ
مُّسَمّٗى
١٢٩
Had it not been for a prior decree from your Lord1 ˹O Prophet˺ and a term already set, their ˹instant˺ doom would have been inevitable.
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You are reading a tafsir for the group of verses 20:128 to 20:130

If a community reaches the zenith of its progress in the world and then is made to face destruction or subjection, it is always because it has transgressed its limits. Every community so destroyed leaves a lesson for its successors. But there are very few people who care to learn a lesson from such events. It is worth noting that the advice given here about the repeated glorification and remembrance of God and prayer was first given in Makkah; these practices were meant to be observed in the most trying and serious conditions of the Makkan period. This indicates that in the most difficult days of denial and tough opposition, prayers (salat) and remembrance of God are the best shields for the faithful. The principal benefit to man of these actions is that they lead to a smoothing of the paths to success in this world and the next.

He has revealed to you ˹O Prophet˺ the Book in truth, confirming what came before it, as He revealed the Torah and the Gospel
— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran
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