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2:282
يا ايها الذين امنوا اذا تداينتم بدين الى اجل مسمى فاكتبوه وليكتب بينكم كاتب بالعدل ولا ياب كاتب ان يكتب كما علمه الله فليكتب وليملل الذي عليه الحق وليتق الله ربه ولا يبخس منه شييا فان كان الذي عليه الحق سفيها او ضعيفا او لا يستطيع ان يمل هو فليملل وليه بالعدل واستشهدوا شهيدين من رجالكم فان لم يكونا رجلين فرجل وامراتان ممن ترضون من الشهداء ان تضل احداهما فتذكر احداهما الاخرى ولا ياب الشهداء اذا ما دعوا ولا تساموا ان تكتبوه صغيرا او كبيرا الى اجله ذالكم اقسط عند الله واقوم للشهادة وادنى الا ترتابوا الا ان تكون تجارة حاضرة تديرونها بينكم فليس عليكم جناح الا تكتبوها واشهدوا اذا تبايعتم ولا يضار كاتب ولا شهيد وان تفعلوا فانه فسوق بكم واتقوا الله ويعلمكم الله والله بكل شيء عليم ٢٨٢
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِذَا تَدَايَنتُم بِدَيْنٍ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍۢ مُّسَمًّۭى فَٱكْتُبُوهُ ۚ وَلْيَكْتُب بَّيْنَكُمْ كَاتِبٌۢ بِٱلْعَدْلِ ۚ وَلَا يَأْبَ كَاتِبٌ أَن يَكْتُبَ كَمَا عَلَّمَهُ ٱللَّهُ ۚ فَلْيَكْتُبْ وَلْيُمْلِلِ ٱلَّذِى عَلَيْهِ ٱلْحَقُّ وَلْيَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّهُۥ وَلَا يَبْخَسْ مِنْهُ شَيْـًۭٔا ۚ فَإِن كَانَ ٱلَّذِى عَلَيْهِ ٱلْحَقُّ سَفِيهًا أَوْ ضَعِيفًا أَوْ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَن يُمِلَّ هُوَ فَلْيُمْلِلْ وَلِيُّهُۥ بِٱلْعَدْلِ ۚ وَٱسْتَشْهِدُوا۟ شَهِيدَيْنِ مِن رِّجَالِكُمْ ۖ فَإِن لَّمْ يَكُونَا رَجُلَيْنِ فَرَجُلٌۭ وَٱمْرَأَتَانِ مِمَّن تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ ٱلشُّهَدَآءِ أَن تَضِلَّ إِحْدَىٰهُمَا فَتُذَكِّرَ إِحْدَىٰهُمَا ٱلْأُخْرَىٰ ۚ وَلَا يَأْبَ ٱلشُّهَدَآءُ إِذَا مَا دُعُوا۟ ۚ وَلَا تَسْـَٔمُوٓا۟ أَن تَكْتُبُوهُ صَغِيرًا أَوْ كَبِيرًا إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلِهِۦ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ أَقْسَطُ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَأَقْوَمُ لِلشَّهَـٰدَةِ وَأَدْنَىٰٓ أَلَّا تَرْتَابُوٓا۟ ۖ إِلَّآ أَن تَكُونَ تِجَـٰرَةً حَاضِرَةًۭ تُدِيرُونَهَا بَيْنَكُمْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ أَلَّا تَكْتُبُوهَا ۗ وَأَشْهِدُوٓا۟ إِذَا تَبَايَعْتُمْ ۚ وَلَا يُضَآرَّ كَاتِبٌۭ وَلَا شَهِيدٌۭ ۚ وَإِن تَفْعَلُوا۟ فَإِنَّهُۥ فُسُوقٌۢ بِكُمْ ۗ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ ۖ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌۭ ٢٨٢
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا
ٱلَّذِينَ
ءَامَنُوٓاْ
إِذَا
تَدَايَنتُم
بِدَيۡنٍ
إِلَىٰٓ
أَجَلٖ
مُّسَمّٗى
فَٱكۡتُبُوهُۚ
وَلۡيَكۡتُب
بَّيۡنَكُمۡ
كَاتِبُۢ
بِٱلۡعَدۡلِۚ
وَلَا
يَأۡبَ
كَاتِبٌ
أَن
يَكۡتُبَ
كَمَا
عَلَّمَهُ
ٱللَّهُۚ
فَلۡيَكۡتُبۡ
وَلۡيُمۡلِلِ
ٱلَّذِي
عَلَيۡهِ
ٱلۡحَقُّ
وَلۡيَتَّقِ
ٱللَّهَ
رَبَّهُۥ
وَلَا
يَبۡخَسۡ
مِنۡهُ
شَيۡـٔٗاۚ
فَإِن
كَانَ
ٱلَّذِي
عَلَيۡهِ
ٱلۡحَقُّ
سَفِيهًا
أَوۡ
ضَعِيفًا
أَوۡ
لَا
يَسۡتَطِيعُ
أَن
يُمِلَّ
هُوَ
فَلۡيُمۡلِلۡ
وَلِيُّهُۥ
بِٱلۡعَدۡلِۚ
وَٱسۡتَشۡهِدُواْ
شَهِيدَيۡنِ
مِن
رِّجَالِكُمۡۖ
فَإِن
لَّمۡ
يَكُونَا
رَجُلَيۡنِ
فَرَجُلٞ
وَٱمۡرَأَتَانِ
مِمَّن
تَرۡضَوۡنَ
مِنَ
ٱلشُّهَدَآءِ
أَن
تَضِلَّ
إِحۡدَىٰهُمَا
فَتُذَكِّرَ
إِحۡدَىٰهُمَا
ٱلۡأُخۡرَىٰۚ
وَلَا
يَأۡبَ
ٱلشُّهَدَآءُ
إِذَا
مَا
دُعُواْۚ
وَلَا
تَسۡـَٔمُوٓاْ
أَن
تَكۡتُبُوهُ
صَغِيرًا
أَوۡ
كَبِيرًا
إِلَىٰٓ
أَجَلِهِۦۚ
ذَٰلِكُمۡ
أَقۡسَطُ
عِندَ
ٱللَّهِ
وَأَقۡوَمُ
لِلشَّهَٰدَةِ
وَأَدۡنَىٰٓ
أَلَّا
تَرۡتَابُوٓاْ
إِلَّآ
أَن
تَكُونَ
تِجَٰرَةً
حَاضِرَةٗ
تُدِيرُونَهَا
بَيۡنَكُمۡ
فَلَيۡسَ
عَلَيۡكُمۡ
جُنَاحٌ
أَلَّا
تَكۡتُبُوهَاۗ
وَأَشۡهِدُوٓاْ
إِذَا
تَبَايَعۡتُمۡۚ
وَلَا
يُضَآرَّ
كَاتِبٞ
وَلَا
شَهِيدٞۚ
وَإِن
تَفۡعَلُواْ
فَإِنَّهُۥ
فُسُوقُۢ
بِكُمۡۗ
وَٱتَّقُواْ
ٱللَّهَۖ
وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ
ٱللَّهُۗ
وَٱللَّهُ
بِكُلِّ
شَيۡءٍ
عَلِيمٞ
٢٨٢
O believers! When you contract a loan for a fixed period of time, commit it to writing. Let the scribe maintain justice between the parties. The scribe should not refuse to write as Allah has taught them to write. They will write what the debtor dictates, bearing Allah in mind and not defrauding the debt. If the debtor is incompetent, weak, or unable to dictate, let their guardian dictate for them with justice. Call upon two of your men to witness. If two men cannot be found, then one man and two women of your choice will witness—so if one of the women forgets the other may remind her.1 The witnesses must not refuse when they are summoned. You must not be against writing ˹contracts˺ for a fixed period—whether the sum is small or great. This is more just ˹for you˺ in the sight of Allah, and more convenient to establish evidence and remove doubts. However, if you conduct an immediate transaction among yourselves, then there is no need for you to record it, but call upon witnesses when a deal is finalized. Let no harm come to the scribe or witnesses. If you do, then you have gravely exceeded ˹your limits˺. Be mindful of Allah, for Allah ˹is the One Who˺ teaches you. And Allah has ˹perfect˺ knowledge of all things.
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Where there is a cash transaction between two parties, the matter ends there itself. But contracting a debt is a different matter. In such a case, if the transaction is purely verbal, there is a possibility of differences arising due to the absence of written proof. Either party will present the matter according to his own perceptions, for there is no clear or absolute basis on which a proper decision may be arrived at. As a result, differences and complaints arise between the two parties at the time of payment. The only solution is to write down the particulars of the loan and then have witnesses testify to it. If any differences arise, this document would become the basis for a final decision. For a believer this would be a strategic safeguard based on taqwa and justice. In abiding by the written conditions and making a proper payment of dues, he acquits himself before the people and before God. Believers are witnesses of God’s religion. Just as they are not allowed to knowingly hide anything from God, they should similarly never conceal any evidence they may possess. Concealing evidence is to nurture a criminal mentality and to shirk the role they can play in making just decisions. Man’s conscience demands that the truth should be acknowledged and untruth should be proclaimed to be such. In matters of justice, one who withholds evidence for the sake of prestige or some other worldly considerations, is like a criminal who becomes a witness to his own crime.

He has revealed to you ˹O Prophet˺ the Book in truth, confirming what came before it, as He revealed the Torah and the Gospel
— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran
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